How to Fire Wine Bottles – Choosing the Right Cone for Slumping

Are you looking to create unique and stunning glass creations with wine bottles? Firing and slumping wine bottles can be a fun and rewarding craft, but it requires careful attention to detail and a thorough understanding of the materials and processes involved. In this article, we’ll explore the key factors that go into firing wine bottles, including choosing the right cone for slumping and the importance of proper annealing and tempering techniques.

Before diving into the details, it’s important to understand what cone temperature means and how it relates to firing wine bottles. Cone temperature refers to the point at which a cone-shaped piece of ceramic material placed in the kiln begins to bend under the heat. This bend indicates that the kiln has reached a certain temperature, which can be used as a reference point for firing different types of glass.

Now that we’ve covered the basics of cone temperature, let’s take a closer look at choosing the right cone for slumping wine bottles. Different types of glass have different slumping requirements, so it’s important to choose a cone that corresponds to the specific type of glass you’re using. Additionally, factors such as the thickness of the glass and the desired final shape of the slump should be taken into consideration.

Ready to take your wine bottle slumping skills to the next level? Keep reading to learn more about the key steps involved in preparing wine bottles for slumping, firing wine bottles, and finishing your glass creations with proper annealing and tempering techniques. Whether you’re a seasoned glass artist or a beginner looking to try your hand at a new craft, this article has everything you need to know to get started.

Understanding Cone Temperature

When it comes to firing wine bottles, cone temperature is a crucial factor to consider. Cones are small pyramids made of clay, which are used in kilns to determine when the desired temperature has been reached. Each cone number represents a specific temperature range, and it’s essential to choose the right cone for your project.

For instance, if you want to create a slump wine bottle, it’s recommended to use cone 017 or cone 016, which corresponds to a temperature range of 1465-1482°F (796-806°C) and 1472-1488°F (800-810°C), respectively. On the other hand, if you plan to create a melt wine bottle, it’s suggested to use cone 019, which represents a temperature range of 1628-1652°F (888-900°C).

It’s important to keep in mind that different kilns may fire cones differently, so it’s essential to perform test firings to determine the best cone temperature for your particular kiln. By understanding cone temperature and selecting the appropriate cone for your project, you can achieve the desired results and create beautiful wine bottle slumps that will impress anyone.

The Basics of Cone Temperature in Kilns

Understanding cone temperature is critical to properly firing wine bottles for slumping. When it comes to firing ceramics or glass, the cone measures the amount of heat work that occurs in the kiln. In other words, the cone temperature indicates the heat work performed on the glass or ceramics in the kiln. Heat work refers to the amount of energy transferred into the glass, which causes it to reach its softening point and eventually slump into the desired shape.

1. Each cone has a specific temperature range. For instance, cone 017 fires at 1290°F, while cone 04 fires at 1945°F. Knowing the right temperature range for each cone is essential to achieving the desired slump in wine bottles.
2. Cones are often used in pairs. One cone will indicate when the kiln has reached the proper temperature range, and the other will indicate when the firing process is complete.
3. The shape of the cone changes with heat work. As the temperature rises in the kiln, the cone will begin to bend and deform. The angle and shape of the cone at the end of the firing process indicate the amount of heat work that has been performed on the glass or ceramics.
4. It is essential to choose the right cone for the specific type of glass or ceramics. The cone you select depends on several factors, such as the thickness of the glass or ceramics, the shape of the kiln, and the specific slumping technique you intend to use.

Understanding the basics of cone temperature in kilns is just the first step in firing wine bottles for slumping. By mastering this critical step, you will be on your way to creating beautiful, unique glass art that is sure to impress.

Choosing the Right Cone for Slumping Wine Bottles

Cone Temperature Matters: Choosing the right cone for slumping wine bottles is crucial for successful results. It all depends on the type of kiln you are using and the type of glass you plan to slump. Keep in mind that different types of glass will require different cones to slump properly.

Consider Your Glass: If you’re using standard bottle glass, a cone 017-016 should work well. If you’re working with thicker glass, such as Bullseye or Spectrum, you’ll need a higher cone, such as 013-012.

Think About Your Kiln: The type of kiln you’re using also affects the cone you need. If you’re using a manual kiln, you’ll need to adjust the firing process to make sure the glass slumps properly. If you’re using a digital kiln, you can program the firing schedule to ensure the best results.

Consult with a Professional: If you’re new to slumping wine bottles, it’s always best to consult with a professional or a kiln manufacturer to determine the right cone for your specific situation. They can provide you with valuable information and tips to ensure successful results.

Test Your Cone: Once you’ve chosen the cone for your glass and kiln, it’s important to test it to ensure the best results. Fire a sample piece of glass using the chosen cone and make sure it slumps properly. If not, adjust your firing schedule or try a different cone until you achieve the desired results.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Cone for Wine Bottle Slumping

Temperature range: It is crucial to choose a cone that can achieve the appropriate temperature range for slumping your wine bottles. A cone that is too hot may cause your bottles to melt, while a cone that is not hot enough will not slump them enough.

Cone type: There are many different types of cones available, including self-supporting cones, small cones, and large cones. Self-supporting cones are ideal for wine bottle slumping because they don’t require a cone holder.

Kiln type: Different kilns have different heating elements and temperature controls, which can affect the choice of cone for slumping. Make sure you know the capabilities of your kiln before selecting a cone.

Bottle thickness: The thickness of the wine bottle glass can also affect the choice of cone. Thicker glass will require a higher cone temperature and a longer hold time to slump properly.

Personal preference: Ultimately, the choice of cone may come down to personal preference and experience. Experiment with different cones and temperatures to find the right combination that works best for your slumping project.

The Best Cone for Slumping Wine Bottles in a Kiln

While there is no one-size-fits-all answer when it comes to choosing the right cone for slumping wine bottles in a kiln, cone 017 is generally considered the best option.

This cone has a firing range between 1465 and 1495°F, which is the ideal temperature range for slumping wine bottles without causing them to lose their shape or crack.

It’s also important to note that the size and shape of your kiln, as well as the type of glass you’re using, can affect the cone temperature you need to use. Be sure to consult the manufacturer’s instructions and do some testing to determine the best cone for your specific setup.

Preparing Wine Bottles for Slumping

Wine bottle selection: When selecting wine bottles for slumping, it is important to choose bottles that are free of cracks or chips, as any imperfections can lead to breakage during firing. Additionally, it is recommended to use bottles with straight sides rather than those with curved or sloped sides to ensure an even slump.

Cleaning: Before slumping, wine bottles should be thoroughly cleaned to remove any labels, glue, or residue. This can be achieved by soaking the bottles in warm, soapy water or by using a commercial label remover. Any remaining residue can be removed with a scraper or abrasive pad.

Pre-drilling: To prevent the bottles from breaking during firing, it is necessary to pre-drill holes in the bottom of the bottles. This allows air to escape and prevents pressure from building up inside the bottle. The holes should be approximately 1/4 inch in diameter and drilled using a diamond-coated drill bit.

Cleaning and Sanding Wine Bottles for Slumping

Cleaning: The first step in preparing wine bottles for slumping is to clean them thoroughly. Soak the bottles in warm water and soap for a few hours to remove any labels or adhesive residue. Use a bottle brush to scrub the inside of the bottle, then rinse it with clean water.

Sanding: After cleaning, it is important to sand the surface of the bottle that will be in contact with the kiln shelf. This will prevent the bottle from sticking to the shelf during the firing process. Use a fine-grit sandpaper to sand the bottom of the bottle until it is smooth and flat.

Additional Tips: Always wear gloves when handling the bottles to prevent any accidental cuts or injuries. It is also recommended to use safety glasses to protect your eyes from any flying debris while sanding.

How to Cut Wine Bottles for Slumping in a Kiln

Before slumping wine bottles in a kiln, they must be cut to the desired shape. One method of cutting wine bottles is using a glass cutter. Score a line around the bottle where you want it to break, then use hot and cold water to make the bottle crack along the score line. Another method is using a wet tile saw. Place the bottle on the saw and use a diamond blade to cut the bottle.

It is important to remember to wear protective gear when cutting glass, such as gloves and eye protection. Also, make sure to work in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhaling glass dust.

After the bottle is cut, sand the edges with sandpaper or a glass grinder to make them smooth and remove any sharp edges.

Preparing Wine Bottles for Slumping in a Microwave Kiln

Step 1: Clean the wine bottles thoroughly with soap and water to remove any dirt, labels, or glue residues. Rinse them with clean water and dry them with a cloth.

Step 2: Cut the wine bottles into desired shapes using a glass cutter or a bottle cutter. Make sure the edges are smooth and even. If necessary, sand the edges with sandpaper.

Step 3: Place the cut wine bottles in a microwave kiln and add any desired decorations or designs. Make sure the kiln is on a flat surface and the bottles are spaced out to avoid touching.

Step 4: Cover the kiln with the lid or a piece of ceramic fiber paper. Turn on the microwave and set the timer according to the instructions of the kiln and the thickness of the glass.

Step 5: After the slumping process is completed, carefully remove the kiln from the microwave and let it cool down. Use protective gloves to handle the hot glass. The slumped glass can be removed from the kiln once it is completely cooled down.

Firing Wine Bottles – Do’s and Don’ts

Do preheat the kiln slowly to avoid thermal shock to the wine bottles. This can cause them to crack or break.

Don’t overload the kiln. Leave enough space between the bottles for proper air circulation and heat distribution.

Do monitor the temperature closely during firing. Follow the recommended temperature range for the chosen cone and firing schedule.

The Right Way to Fire Wine Bottles for Slumping

If you are looking to create beautiful slumped wine bottle art, it is essential to know the right way to fire the bottles in the kiln. The following are some tips to ensure your success:

1. Preheat the kiln: Always preheat your kiln to the desired temperature before placing the bottles inside. This will prevent any thermal shock that can cause the bottles to crack or break.
2. Set the correct temperature: Set the kiln to the correct temperature as per the specific cone rating of the glass you are slumping. Use a pyrometer to check the temperature inside the kiln to avoid under or over firing.
3. Fire slowly: The key to firing wine bottles is to heat them slowly and evenly. This will allow the glass to expand and contract uniformly and prevent cracking or breaking. Avoid rapid temperature changes during the firing process.

Following these tips will help you achieve the best results when firing wine bottles for slumping. Remember, patience is key, and take your time to ensure that the firing process is done correctly.

Finishing Wine Bottle Slumps – Annealing and Tempering

After firing, the wine bottles need to be annealed to reduce their thermal shock potential. Annealing is the process of cooling the glass slowly and uniformly to relieve stress caused by temperature differences. This process takes about an hour in a kiln and is necessary for the glass to retain its strength and durability.

Once the annealing process is complete, the wine bottle slumps can be tempered. This process involves heating the glass to a high temperature and then cooling it quickly. This gives the glass additional strength and durability, making it resistant to breakage and able to withstand high temperatures.

It’s important to note that not all glass can be tempered, so it’s essential to check the compatibility of the glass with the tempering process. Additionally, tempered glass cannot be reworked, so it’s important to take care when handling and finishing the slumped wine bottles.

In conclusion, annealing and tempering are crucial steps in finishing wine bottle slumps. They increase the durability and strength of the glass, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. By following proper techniques and safety precautions, you can create beautiful and long-lasting slumped wine bottle creations.

How to Anneal Wine Bottle Slumps for Added Durability

After firing your wine bottle slumps, it’s important to anneal them to increase their strength and durability. Annealing involves slowly cooling the glass to relieve internal stresses and prevent it from cracking or breaking.

• Timing: Annealing should be done immediately after firing while the glass is still hot. Allow your kiln to cool down to around 800°F before beginning the annealing process.
• Temperature: Annealing requires slowly decreasing the temperature of the glass. Lower the temperature by 50°F per hour until it reaches 900°F, then hold it at that temperature for an hour before allowing it to cool down further.
• Handling: Once the annealing process is complete, do not handle the glass until it has completely cooled down to room temperature. Sudden changes in temperature can cause the glass to crack or break.
• Result: Annealing your wine bottle slumps will make them more durable and less likely to break during use or handling. It’s an important step to ensure the longevity of your creations.

By taking the time to properly anneal your wine bottle slumps, you can ensure that they will withstand regular use and handling without breaking or cracking.

The Benefits of Tempering Wine Bottle Slumps

Increased Strength: Tempering wine bottle slumps increases their strength, making them more durable and less likely to break or chip. This is especially important if you plan to use the slumped glass for functional items, such as plates or bowls.

Reduced Risk of Thermal Shock: Tempering wine bottle slumps reduces the risk of thermal shock, which can occur when glass is exposed to sudden changes in temperature. Tempered glass is better able to handle these changes, making it less likely to break or shatter.

Enhanced Aesthetics: Tempered wine bottle slumps have enhanced aesthetics, with a smoother surface and more uniform appearance. This is because the tempering process removes any surface imperfections and reduces surface tension.

Increased Safety: Tempered wine bottle slumps are safer than non-tempered glass because they are less likely to break or shatter. If tempered glass does break, it breaks into small, dull pieces rather than sharp shards, reducing the risk of injury.

How to Temper Wine Bottle Slumps for Added Strength

Tempering is the process of heating up and cooling down the wine bottle slumps to improve their strength and durability. It involves heating the slumps to a specific temperature and then cooling them down slowly, allowing the glass to strengthen. Here are some steps on how to temper wine bottle slumps:

• Step 1: Place the slumps in a kiln and heat them to around 1050°F for at least 10-15 minutes. The exact temperature and duration will depend on the size and thickness of the slumps.
• Step 2: Once the slumps have reached the desired temperature, turn off the kiln and let the slumps cool down naturally inside the kiln. This process is called annealing and helps to reduce the internal stress in the glass.
• Step 3: Once the slumps have cooled down to room temperature, remove them from the kiln and inspect them for any cracks or other defects. If any defects are found, the slumps may need to be reheated and tempered again.
• Step 4: Store the tempered wine bottle slumps in a safe place until they are ready to be used for your desired project.

Tempering wine bottle slumps is an important step to ensure that they are strong enough to be used in various applications such as art installations, furniture, and other decorative objects. When done properly, tempered wine bottle slumps can last for years and add a unique touch to your projects.

Frequently Asked Questions